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INDIVIDUAL- AND COMMUNITY-LEVELDETERMINANTS OF ANTENATAL HIV TESTING INZIMBABWE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2018

Martin Marufu Gazimbi  and
Monica Akinyi Magadi
Martin Marufu Gazimbi*
Affiliation:
School of Education and Social Sciences, University of Hull, UK
Monica Akinyi Magadi
Affiliation:
School of Education and Social Sciences, University of Hull, UK
*
1Corresponding author. Email: m.gazimbi@2013.hull.ac.uk
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Summary

This study contributes to the dialogue on theprevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission(PMTCT) through the use of HIV and antenatal care(ANC) integrated services. The determinants ofantenatal HIV testing in Zimbabwe were explored.Multilevel logistic regression models were appliedto data for 8471 women from 406 clusters who gavebirth in the 5 years preceding Zimbabwe Demographicand Health Surveys conducted in 2005/6 and 2010/11.The uptake of antenatal HIV testing was found to bedetermined by a wide range of individual-levelfactors relating to women’s economic and demographicstatus, as well as HIV-related factors, includingHIV awareness and stigma within the community.Important individual-level enabling and perceivedneed factors included high socioeconomic status, nothaving observed HIV-related stigma and knowledge ofHIV status (based on a previous HIV test), such thatthese groups of individuals had a significantlyhigher likelihood of being tested for HIV duringpregnancy than their counterparts of lowersocioeconomic status, and who had observedHIV-related stigma or did not know their HIV status.The results further revealed that community HIVawareness is important for improving antenatal HIVtesting, while stigma is associated with reducedtesting uptake. Most contextual community-levelfactors were not found to have much effect on theuptake of antenatal HIV testing. Therefore, policiesshould focus on individual-level predisposing andenabling factors to improve the uptake of antenatalHIV testing in Zimbabwe.

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Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 51 , Issue 2 , March 2019 , pp. 203 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press, 2018 

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