Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-dk7s8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-31T08:24:44.362Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of hyperketonaemia, feeding frequency and intake of concentrate and energy on milk yield in dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

A. H. Gustafsson ,
L. Andersson  and
U. Emanuelson
A. H. Gustafsson
Affiliation:
Swedish Association for Livestock Breeding and Production, S-631 84 Eskilstuna, Sweden
L. Andersson
Affiliation:
Swedish Association for Livestock Breeding and Production, S-631 84 Eskilstuna, Sweden Experimental Station, Veterinary Institute, Box 234, S-532 23 Skara, Sweden
U. Emanuelson
Affiliation:
Swedish Association for Livestock Breeding and Production, S-631 84 Eskilstuna, Sweden
Get access

Abstract

The effects of acetone concentration in milk, feeding frequency, and intake of concentrates and energy in total diet on milk yield were studied in 38624 lactations from 474 herds during 3 years. Herd-related data on feeding factors were collected once per indoor feeding period. Milk acetone concentrations higher than 0·40 mmol/l were deemed to denote hyperketonaemia, whether subclinical or clinical. The lactation curves of ketotic cows had an abnormal shape, with an inverted peak in early lactation. Most of the reduction in milk yield took place during the first 100 days of lactation with an estimated loss of proportionately 0·085 (acetone concentration ≤0·40 v. >2·00 mmol/l). The loss in 200-day milk yield was estimated to 328 kg 40 g/kg fat-corrected milk (FCM) at an overall mean of 5056 kg. If a herd's performance is monitored by lactation curves, a low peak — and hence an apparently high persistency – can indicate a ketosis problem. More frequent feeding of concentrates was correlated with a proportionately 0·033 to 0·074 higher milk yield in multiparous cows, but inconsistent between years. A more variable proportional response (−0·035 to 0·131) was observed in primiparous cows depending on interactions with, for example, breed. A greater total energy supply, including a larger amount of concentrate (maximum in lactation), was correlated with a higher milk yield, about 0·06 kg FCM per day per MJ metabolizable energy and 0·5 kg FCM per day per kg concentrate, respectively. However, increased feeding of concentrates at calving (parity 1) and 15 days after calving (multiparous cows) was correlated with decreased milk yield, by about −0–3 and −0–5 kg FCM per day per kg concentrate, respectively.

Keywords

dairy cowsenergy intakefeeding frequencyfood intakeketosis

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 56 , Issue 1 , February 1993 , pp. 51 - 60
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Andersson, L. and Emanuelson, U. 1985. An epidemiological study of hyperketonaemia in Swedish dairy cows: determinants and the relation to fertility. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 3: 449–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersson, L., Gustafsson, A. H. and Emanuelson, U. 1991. Effect of hyperketonemia and feeding on fertility in dairy cows. Theriogenology 36: 521–536.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersson, L. and Lundstrom, K. 1985. Effect of feeding silage with high butyric acid content on ketone body formation and milk yield in postparturient dairy cows. Zentralblatt fiir Veterinarmedizin A 32: 15–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baird, G. D. 1982. Primary ketosis in the high-producing dairy cow: clinical and subclinical disorders, treatment, prevention, and outlook. Journal of Dairy Science 65: 1–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bertilsson, J. and Burstedt, E. 1983. Effects of conservation method and stage of maturity upon the feeding value of forages to dairy cows. Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 13: 189–200.Google Scholar
Broster, W. H. and Thomas, C. 1981. The influence of level and pattern of concentrate input on milk output. In Recent advances in animal nutrition — 1981 (ed. Haresign, W.), pp. 49–69. Butterworths, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danuser, J. and Gaillard, C. 1990. [Diseases and reasons for disposals in Swiss dairy breeds. 2. Disposals and relations between diseases and milk production.] Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde 132: 301–310.Google ScholarPubMed
Dhiman, T. R., Kleinmans, J., Tessmann, N. J., Radloff, H. D., van Evert, P. and Satter, L. D. 1991. Effect of dietary forage: grain ratio on blood constituents in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 2691–2695.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dohoo, I. R. and Martin, S. W. 1984a. Disease, production and culling in Holstein-Friesian cows. III. Disease and production as determinants of disease. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2: 671–690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dohoo, I. R. and Martin, S. W. 1984b. Subclinical ketosis: prevalence and associations with production and disease. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 48: 1–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Eriksson, S., Sanne, S. and Thomke, S. 1976. Fodermedelstabeller och utfodringsrekommendationer. LTs Förlag, Stockholm.Google Scholar
Gibson, J. P. 1984. The effects of frequency of feeding on milk production of dairy cattle: an analysis of published results. Animal Production 38: 181–189.Google Scholar
Harvey, W. R. 1977. User–s guide for LSML76. Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.Google Scholar
Kincaid, R. L. and Cronrath, J. D. 1982. Milk yield and metabolic measures of cows fed grain free choice during early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 65: 740–745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunz, P. L., Blum, J. W., Hart, I. C., Bickel, H. and Landis, J. 1985. Effects of different energy intakes before and after calving on food intake, performance and blood hormones and metabolites in dairy cows. Animal Production 40: 219–231.Google Scholar
Llano, C. A. and DePeters, E. J. 1985. Apparent digestibilities of diets varying in ratios of forage to concentrate and quality of forage at two intakes by dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 68: 1189–1197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malestein, A., van't Klooster, A. Th., Counotte, G. H. M. and Prins, R. A. 1981. Concentrate feeding and ruminal fermentation. 1. Influence of the frequency of feeding concentrates on rumen acid composition, feed intake and milk production. Netherland's Journal of Agricultural Science 29: 239–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manson, F. J. and Leaver, J. D. 1988. The influence of concentrate amount on locomotion and clinical lameness in dairy cattle. Animal Production 47: 185–190.Google Scholar
Marstorp, P., Anfalt, T. and Andersson, L. 1983. Determination of oxidized ketone bodies in milk by flow injection analysis. Analytica Chimica Ada 149: 281–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nocek, J. E. and Braund, D. G. 1985. Effect of feeding frequency on diurnal dry matter and water consumption, liquid dilution rate, and milk yield in first lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 68: 2238–2247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsson, G., Wlktorsson, H. and Frank, B. 1989. Utfodring av första laktationskor kring kalvning — inverkan på mjölkavkastning, foderkonsumtion, Ievande vikt, energibalans och hälsa. In Utfodring omkring kalvning (ed. Sporndly, R., Pettersen, K. and Gustafsson, A. H.) Report 162, Swedish Association for Livestock Breeding and Production, Eskilstuna, Sweden, pp. 10–17.Google Scholar
Phipps, R. H., Weller, R. F., Elliott, R. J. and Sutton, J. D. 1988. The effect of level and type of concentrate and type of conserved forage on dry matter intake and milk production of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Cambridge 111: 179–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, P. H. 1989. Dynamic aspects of feeding management for dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 72: 1197–1209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, P. H. and Sniffen, C. J. 1985. Forestomach and whole tract digestibility for lactating dairy cows as influenced by feeding frequency. Journal of Dairy Science 68: 857–867.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1985. SAS user's guide: statistics, version 5 edition. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Sloan, B. K., Rowlinson, P. and Armstrong, D. G. 1988. Milk production in early lactation dairy cows given grass silage ad libitum: influence of concentrate energy source, crude protein content and level of concentrate allowance. Animal Production 46: 317–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockdale, C. R., Callaghan, A. and Trigg, T. E. 1987. Feeding high energy supplements to pasture-fed dairy cows. Effects of stage of lactation and level of supplement. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 38: 927–940.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, J. D., Hart, I. C., Broster, W. H., Elliott, R. J. and Schuller, E. 1986. Feeding frequency for lactating cows: effects on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites and hormones. British Journal of Nutrition 56: 181–192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wangsness, P. J. and Muller, L. D. 1981. Maximum forage for dairy cows: review. Journal of Dairy Science 64: 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, C.-M. J. and Varga, G. A. 1989. Effect of three concentrate feeding frequencies on rumen protozoa, rumen digesta kinetics, and milk yield in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 72: 950–957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed